Urinary Incontinence

Urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine. It can affect quality of life and self-confidence; in most cases it can be controlled with assessment and the right treatment.

Incontinence may be stress type (with coughing/straining), urge type (with sudden urgency), or mixed. In men it can also develop after prostate surgery.

Diagnosis is made with history, examination, urinalysis and, when needed, urodynamics. Treatment is planned by type and cause.

Symptoms

• Drop-by-drop leakage with coughing/straining/exercise
• Sudden, irresistible urge to urinate
• Inability to reach the toilet in time
• Night-time leakage
• Need to use pads

Causes

• Overactive bladder
• Sphincter weakness after prostate surgery
• Nerve-related causes
• Age and pelvic-floor weakness

When Should You Seek Help?

If incontinence affects your daily, social or sleep life, assessment is recommended. It is not something to be ashamed of, and there are effective treatment options.